Muva nje, izikhungo zocwaningo okubalwa kuzo i-Oxford University, iKing Mary University yaseLondon, i-Auckland University, iMassachusetts General Hospital, iHarvard Medical School, iLanzhou University, iMcMaster University yaseCanada nezinye izikhungo zocwaningo zikhiphe amaphepha amabili.Isiphetho sokuthi ukubhema kunomphumela ongcono wokuyeka ukubhema ayingozi kakhulu kunogwayi, futhi umphumela wokuyeka ukubhema ungcono nakakhulu kunokwelapha esikhundleni se-nicotine.
Ukubhema kungenye yezinto ezisongela impilo yomphakathi ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, njengoba kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu ababhemayo abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1.3 emhlabeni wonke nokufa kwabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-8 unyaka ngamunye.I-Nicotine replacement therapy iyindlela eyaziwa emhlabeni wonke yokuyeka ukubhema.Indlela eyinhloko iwukusebenzisa iziqephu ezine-nicotine, ushingamu, izinto zokuthambisa umphimbo neminye imikhiqizo ukuze ubuyisele ugwayi futhi uqondise ababhemayo ukuze bafeze inhloso yokuyeka ukubhema.
Iphepha elishicilelwe kusizindalwazi sezincwadi esidumile i-TID (Izifo Ezibangelwa Ugwayi) ngabacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseLanzhou kanye neNyuvesi yaseMcMaster eCanada libonisa ukuthi ugwayi we-elekthronikhi unezinga elingcono lokuhoxa kunokwelashwa esikhundleni se-nicotine.Ucwaningo, olusekelwe ocwaningweni olubandakanya izifundo eziyi-1,748, luthole ukuthii-e-cigaretteszaziphakeme kunokwelashwa kwe-nicotine esikhundleni sokwelashwa kokubili kokuzithiba okuqhubekayo okungaphezu kwezinyanga ezingu-6 kanye namazinga wokuzithiba wosuku lwe-7.
Kuze kube manje, ngaphandle kwe-e-cigarettes kanye ne-nicotine replacement therapy, ayikho enye indlela ephumelelayo yokuyeka ukubhema eye yaqinisekiswa kabanzi ososayensi.Ngaphandle kokucasuka emphinjeni, imiphumela emibi yazo zombili izindlela ayibonakali.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi abavela eNyuvesi yase-Oxford, i-Queen Mary University yaseLondon, i-Auckland University, i-Massachusetts General Hospital kanye ne-Harvard Medical School ngokuhlanganyela bashicilela isihloko socwaningo kuwebhusayithi yezincwadi ze-Wiley Online Library, behlaziya inhlolovo yokulandelela yabantu abasebenzisa i-e-cigarettes. ukuyeka ukubhema..Ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi umphakathi wesayensi ngokuvamile ukholelwa ukuthi ingozi kagwayi we-elekthronikhi iphansi kakhulu kunaleyo kagwayi ovuthayo, futhi banethemba lokuqhathanisa nokuhlaziya idatha ukuze babone ukuthi ukuyeka ukubhema nge-e-cigarettes kunganciphisa yini umonakalo emzimbeni womuntu. .Kuze kube manje, abacwaningi bahlukanise isampula yezihloko ze-1,299 eGreece, e-Italy, ePoland, e-United Kingdom nase-United States zibe: i-e-cigarettes kuphela, ababhemayo, kanye nogwayi we-e-cigarette nogwayi oxubile.
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ikhombisa ukuthi ekutholweni kwezimpawu zezinto eziphilayo ezingaba yingozi eziyi-13, kuphelai-e-cigaretteinani labantu liqhathaniswa nenani labantu ababhemayo, futhi izinkomba eziyi-12 ziphansi;ekutholeni ama-biomarker angaba yingozi angama-25, inani labantu be-e-cigarette kuphela elisetshenziselwa ukuqhathanisa.Kubantu abasebenzisa ugwayi we-elekthronikhi nogwayi ndawonye, izinto ezi-5 ziphansi.Izimpawu zezinto eziphilayo ezingaba yingozi ezinezinkomba eziphansi zifaka i-3-hydroxypropyl mercapto acid, i-2-cyanoethyl mercapto acid, i-o-toluidine nezinye izinto.
Ucwaningo lwaphetha ngokuthi ukufaka ugwayi esikhundleni sikagwayi, noma ukusetshenziswa kabili kwe-e-cigarettes nogwayi, kunganciphisa ngempumelelo ukulimala emzimbeni womuntu.
Izithenjwa:
【1】U-Jamie Hartmann-Boyce, u-Ailsa R. Butler, u-Annika Theodoulou, et al.Izimpawu ze-biomarker zokulimala okungaba khona kubantu abasuka ekubhemeni ugwayi baye ekusebenziseni ugwayi we-e kuphela, ukusebenzisa okukabili noma ukuyeka ukubhema: ukuhlaziywa kwesibili kwe-Cochrane Ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile kokuhlolwa kwe-e-cigarettes yokuyeka ukubhema.I-Wiley Online Library, 2022
【2】Jing Li, Xu Hui, Jiani Fu 3, et al.Ugwayi we-elekthronikhi ngokumelene nokwelashwa kwe-nicotine esikhundleni sokuyeka ukubhema: Ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile kanye nokuhlaziywa kwe-meta yezilingo ezilawulwa ngokungahleliwe.Izifo Ezibangelwa Ugwayi, 2022
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-18-2022
